Why Is My Dog Licking Their Paws?

It’s normal for dogs to lick their paws occasionally, but if it becomes excessive or seems compulsive, this behaviour might indicate an underlying issue. From allergies and skin conditions to behavioural triggers, there are various reasons why a dog may lick their paws. Understanding these causes is essential for identifying and addressing the problem. Let’s explore the most common reasons and what you can do to help.

1. Allergies

Allergies are one of the primary causes of paw licking in dogs. Reactions may be triggered by environmental factors like pollen, dust, and mould, as well as certain foods or chemicals in household cleaners.

• Environmental Allergies: Dogs, like humans, can have seasonal allergies. These tend to worsen at specific times of the year when pollen or dust mites are prevalent. If you notice your dog licking their paws more frequently in certain months, environmental allergens could be to blame.
• Food Allergies: Food sensitivities often cause itchy skin, particularly on the paws. Common allergens include ingredients like beef, chicken, dairy, and grains. If food allergies are suspected, your vet may recommend an elimination diet to help pinpoint the culprit.

What to Do: If allergies are suspected, a vet visit is recommended to determine the specific cause and administer the appropriate medication. 

2. Infections and Parasites

Fungal, bacterial, or yeast infections on the paws can cause itching and discomfort, leading to excessive licking. These infections often come with other signs, such as redness, swelling, foul odour, or discharge.

• Yeast Infections: Dogs prone to yeast infections may lick or chew their paws to alleviate discomfort. These infections typically make the paw look inflamed and feel sticky or greasy.
• Bacterial Infections: Bacteria can enter small cuts, scrapes, or hair follicles on the paws, leading to infections that make dogs want to lick the area.
• Parasites: Fleas, ticks, and mites can infest a dog’s paws, causing irritation. Mange, caused by mites, can lead to severe itching and hair loss around the paws.

What to Do: Regularly inspect your dog’s paws for signs of infection or parasites. If you notice redness, swelling, or an unusual odour, consult your veterinarian. 

3. Injury or Pain

Dogs may lick their paws if they have an injury, as licking is a natural response to pain. Cuts, splinters, or bruises can be enough to draw attention to their paws.

• Foreign Objects: Items like glass, thorns, or stones can get lodged between the toes or paw pads, causing pain and irritation.
• Sprains or Arthritis: Pain from a joint injury or arthritis may also cause a dog to lick the affected paw.

What to Do: Check your dog’s paws for visible wounds or objects lodged between the toes. If you suspect pain but can’t see any injuries, a vet consultation is advised. 

4. Dry or Cracked Paws

Just as human skin can become dry and cracked, a dog’s paw pads can also be affected, particularly in extreme weather. Cold, dry winters or hot pavements in summer can lead to cracking and discomfort.

What to Do: Use a dog-safe paw balm to keep your dog’s paws moisturised, especially during harsh weather. Avoid walking on hot pavements or salted winter roads, as these can worsen dryness and irritation. If the condition doesn’t improve, consult your vet for further advice. 

5. Anxiety or Compulsive Behaviour

Some dogs develop compulsive paw-licking behaviour due to anxiety or stress. Similar to humans who may bite their nails or fidget when anxious, dogs may lick their paws as a way to self-soothe. Changes in their environment, lack of mental stimulation, or separation anxiety can all contribute to excessive licking.

What to Do: Identify potential sources of stress. Regular exercise, mental stimulation, and a consistent routine can help alleviate anxiety. For severe cases, consult a vet, who may recommend behavioural training or anxiety management strategies.

6. Dermatitis 

Dermatitis, an inflammatory skin condition, can affect the paws and lead to itching. It may be caused by various factors, including contact with specific grasses, cleaning products, or chemicals used in outdoor spaces. 

What to Do: If dermatitis or another skin condition is suspected, speak to your vet. They may prescribe treatments such as anti-inflammatory medication or topical ointments to relieve itching.

7. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances can impact your dog’s skin health. For example, hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces insufficient hormones, can lead to dry, irritated skin and paw licking. Another condition, Cushing’s disease, can also affect skin health and lead to excessive licking.

What to Do: If you notice other symptoms, such as restlessness, weight gain, or coat changes, consult your vet. Hormonal issues require veterinary diagnosis and are typically managed with medication.

8. Boredom

Dogs without adequate mental or physical stimulation may develop repetitive behaviours like paw licking. This behaviour can become a habit if not addressed early.

What to Do: Ensure your dog gets plenty of exercise, interactive toys, and regular playtime to keep them engaged. Puzzle toys and agility activities can also help stimulate their mind.

When to See a Vet

Excessive paw licking is worth investigating, especially if it’s become a daily habit. Seek veterinary advice if:

• Licking is constant or causes skin damage.
• You notice redness, swelling, or discharge.
• There’s a strong odour from the paws.
• Your dog shows signs of pain, limping, or behavioural changes.

A vet can help diagnose the underlying cause and recommend suitable treatments or lifestyle changes to improve your dog’s comfort.

Tips for Preventing Excessive Paw Licking

Here are a few proactive measures to help keep your dog’s paws healthy:

• Inspect Paws Regularly: Check for cuts, debris, or swelling.
• Avoid Harsh Surfaces: Walk on grass rather than hot pavements or rough terrain.
• Maintain Hygiene: Wipe your dog’s paws after walks to remove allergens or contaminants.
• Provide Mental Stimulation: Keep your dog occupied with toys, games, and training activities.
• Maintain a Balanced Diet: A nutritious diet supports skin health and reduces itchiness from food sensitivities.

In Summary

Paw licking in dogs can have a range of underlying causes, from physical discomfort to emotional stress. Paying close attention to your dog’s behaviour and any accompanying symptoms is key to understanding the root of the issue. With guidance from your vet, you can address the problem and help provide relief for your dog.