What treatments are available for arthritis in cats?

Posted by Petdirect on 18th Nov 2024

The goal of arthritis treatment in cats is to manage pain, improve mobility, and slow disease progression. Treatments can involve medication, lifestyle changes, and holistic therapies, and are usually most effective when combined. Let’s dive into the main treatment types available.

For detailed information on identifying symptoms and determining if your cat may have arthritis, click here: [What are the symptoms of arthritis in cats?]

1. Prescription Medications

Prescription medications are often the first line of treatment, offering relief from pain and inflammation associated with arthritis.

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Although some NSAIDs are not suitable for cats, your vet may prescribe specific feline-approved NSAIDs in carefully monitored doses to reduce pain and inflammation. NSAIDs should only be administered under veterinary guidance due to potential side effects.
Pain relievers: Other types of pain relief, including certain opioids and Gabapentin, may be prescribed for cats that cannot tolerate NSAIDs or need additional support. These medications can help to manage chronic pain, enhancing your cat’s comfort and quality of life.
Injections: Certain injectable medications can slow the breakdown of joint cartilage and help to support cartilage health, reducing the progression of arthritis and improving joint lubrication.

2. Joint Supplements

Joint supplements can be a helpful addition to an arthritis treatment plan for cats, but their effectiveness can vary. Common options include:

Glucosamine and Chondroitin: These compounds are often included in joint supplements to support cartilage health. Glucosamine helps with cartilage repair, while chondroitin aids in resisting joint compression and may reduce inflammation. However, research on their benefits is mixed, with some studies showing limited improvement in pain relief or slowing cartilage deterioration.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Omega-3s, especially from fish oil, are known for their anti-inflammatory properties. They may help reduce joint inflammation, improve mobility, and provide additional health benefits for the heart, kidneys, and skin.

Incorporating these supplements under veterinary guidance can be a valuable part of managing arthritis in cats, but it is essential to tailor the approach to your pet’s specific needs.

3. Weight Management

Maintaining a healthy weight is essential for managing arthritis. Excess weight puts additional stress on joints, exacerbating pain and further limiting mobility.

Dietary adjustments: Feeding a balanced, portion-controlled diet can prevent weight gain and support muscle maintenance, both of which are vital for joint health.
Low-impact exercise: Gentle play that encourages movement without putting strain on the joints, such as slowly rolling a ball or using a feather wand, can help maintain muscle strength and flexibility.

Weight management may seem challenging, especially if your cat is less active, but even small reductions in weight can make a big difference in relieving joint pressure.

4. Environmental Modifications

Making changes in your cat’s environment can significantly improve their comfort. Simple adjustments can help them navigate their home more easily, reducing the need to jump, climb, or strain.

Provide ramps or steps: Ramps or steps can help cats reach their favourite resting spots without needing to jump. These can be placed near sofas, beds, or other furniture.
Use low-sided litter boxes: High-sided litter boxes can be difficult for arthritic cats to climb into. Opt for a box with lower sides or a ramp to make access easier.
Orthopaedic beds: Soft, cushioned beds, particularly those with memory foam, provide additional support for sore joints. Heated beds may also relieve stiffness and pain, especially in colder months.

Creating an arthritis-friendly environment helps reduce physical strain and improves your cat’s overall quality of life.

5. Alternative Therapies

In addition to conventional treatments, some alternative therapies may help relieve arthritis symptoms in cats. While not all cats respond to these treatments, they are generally safe and can be combined with other therapies for added benefit.

Acupuncture: Acupuncture involves the insertion of tiny needles into specific points on the body to stimulate healing and reduce pain. Some studies suggest it can relieve arthritis pain in cats, though results may vary.
Massage therapy: Gentle massage can help relieve muscle tension and improve circulation in affected areas. A professional trained in feline massage therapy can show you safe techniques to try at home.
Laser therapy: Low-level laser therapy, also known as cold laser therapy, uses light energy to reduce inflammation and stimulate tissue repair. Many veterinary clinics offer this service as part of their pain management protocols for arthritis.

Alternative therapies are often best used in conjunction with other treatments, and a vet can help you decide which options may be most effective for your cat.

6. Physiotherapy and Low-Impact Exercises

While cats are generally more independent, certain exercises and physiotherapy techniques can help maintain joint flexibility and strength.

Controlled play: Light play that encourages movement, such as dangling a toy just out of reach, can help your cat stay active without overexerting themselves.
Water therapy: Hydrotherapy, or water therapy, is a low-impact exercise used in dogs, but it is less common for cats. Some cats may benefit from gentle movement in warm water if they are comfortable with it, but always consult a vet as most cats are averse to water.

Working with a professional who specialises in feline physiotherapy can help you implement safe and effective exercises.

Monitoring Your Cat’s Progress

Managing arthritis is an ongoing process that requires regular assessment and adjustment. Your cat’s response to treatments may change over time, and it’s essential to keep in close contact with your vet. Regular check-ups allow your vet to monitor your cat’s health, make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan, and address new symptoms if they arise.

When to Seek Veterinary Care

If you notice any signs of increased pain, such as crying, reluctance to move, or changes in behaviour, contact your vet immediately. Arthritis can be a progressive condition, and pain may worsen over time. Prompt treatment adjustments can help minimise discomfort and slow the progression of the disease.

Conclusion

Arthritis in cats requires a combination of medical treatment, lifestyle adjustments, and a commitment to monitoring your pet’s condition. With the right approach, you can help manage your cat's pain and maintain their quality of life as they age. Consult your vet to develop a comprehensive treatment plan tailored to your cat's needs, and stay proactive in managing their arthritis. Your cat can still enjoy a fulfilling, comfortable life with the right care and support.