What Are The Best Treatments For Dog Arthritis?

Posted by Petdirect on 17th Nov 2024

What Are The Best Treatments For Dog Arthritis?

Arthritis is a common condition affecting many dogs, particularly as they age. Just like in humans, arthritis in dogs is a painful joint disorder that can significantly impact mobility and quality of life. If your dog has been slowing down, seems stiff after resting, or struggles with activities like climbing stairs, arthritis may be the underlying cause. Thankfully, there are effective treatments to help manage your dog’s symptoms and improve their comfort.

What is Arthritis in Dogs?

Arthritis, most commonly osteoarthritis (OA), is a progressive and degenerative joint disease. It involves the breakdown of cartilage, the smooth tissue that cushions the joints, leading to inflammation, pain, and decreased mobility. While osteoarthritis is most prevalent in older dogs, younger dogs can also develop it due to joint injuries, hereditary conditions (e.g., hip or elbow dysplasia), or obesity. Less commonly, dogs may suffer from autoimmune types of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Recognising the Signs of Arthritis in Dogs

Early detection of arthritis can help slow its progression and improve your dog’s quality of life. Common symptoms include:

Limping or favouring one leg
Stiffness, especially after resting or sleeping
Difficulty getting up or lying down
Reluctance to climb stairs or jump onto furniture
Reduced activity or playfulness
Discomfort or pain when touched in specific areas
Behavioural changes, such as irritability, restlessness, or reduced interest in walks

Some dogs may also lick or chew the affected joints excessively. If you notice these signs, it’s important to visit your vet for a thorough diagnosis. Once arthritis is confirmed, your vet can help develop a tailored treatment plan suited to your dog’s needs.

Effective Treatments for Dog Arthritis

Managing arthritis in dogs typically involves a combination of lifestyle adjustments, medications, supplements, and physical therapies. Here’s what you need to know:

1. Weight Management

Maintaining a healthy weight is crucial in managing arthritis. Extra weight places added stress on your dog’s joints, worsening pain and accelerating cartilage breakdown. If your dog is overweight, your vet can help develop a safe weight loss plan, which may include:

A calorie-controlled diet or prescription weight-loss food
Smaller portion sizes
Gentle, low-impact exercise, such as short, frequent walks

Research shows that even modest weight loss can significantly improve your dog’s mobility and reduce pain.

2. Exercise and Physical Therapy

Regular, low-impact exercise is essential for dogs with arthritis. It helps maintain muscle mass, supports joint stability, and reduces stiffness. However, it’s important to strike the right balance:

Opt for short, gentle walks instead of long, strenuous hikes.
Swimming is an excellent, low-impact exercise that minimises stress on the joints.
Avoid high-impact activities like running, jumping, or playing fetch.

Physical therapy, guided by a trained professional, can also be very beneficial. Techniques such as range-of-motion exercises, stretching, and massage can help alleviate stiffness and improve joint flexibility.

3. Joint Supplements

While joint supplements cannot cure arthritis, they can help slow the disease’s progression and alleviate discomfort. Commonly recommended supplements include:

Glucosamine and Chondroitin: These compounds support cartilage health, help repair damaged tissues, and reduce inflammation.
Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Found in fish oil, omega-3s are known for their strong anti-inflammatory properties, which can help reduce joint pain and stiffness.
Green-Lipped Mussel (GLM): This natural supplement is rich in omega-3s and other compounds beneficial for joint health and inflammation reduction.
Turmeric (Curcumin): While turmeric has anti-inflammatory properties, it should only be given under veterinary supervision due to limited absorption in dogs and the potential for gastrointestinal side effects at high doses.

Always consult your vet before starting any new supplements to ensure they are safe and appropriate for your dog.

4. Prescription Medications

For many dogs, supplements and lifestyle changes alone may not be sufficient to manage arthritis pain. Prescription medications can provide significant relief:

Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs): These are commonly prescribed to reduce pain and inflammation. However, long-term use can lead to side effects such as gastrointestinal issues or kidney problems. Regular vet monitoring is essential.
Pain Relief Medications: In addition to NSAIDs, medications like Gabapentin (for nerve pain) and Tramadol (for additional pain relief) may be used, particularly in severe cases or when NSAIDs are not suitable.
Corticosteroids: These powerful anti-inflammatories can offer short-term relief but are typically reserved for severe cases due to potential side effects with prolonged use.

Your vet will determine the most appropriate medication based on your dog’s overall health, arthritis severity, and any pre-existing conditions.

5. Alternative Therapies

Complementary therapies can be a useful addition to conventional treatments for arthritis:

Acupuncture: Inserting thin needles at specific points on the body can help relieve chronic pain and improve mobility.
Laser Therapy: Also known as cold laser therapy, this non-invasive treatment uses light to reduce inflammation and promote tissue healing.
Hydrotherapy: This water-based exercise, often performed in a warm pool or underwater treadmill, improves strength and mobility without placing pressure on the joints.

The effectiveness of these therapies can vary, but many dogs benefit from their pain-relieving effects.

6. Lifestyle Modifications and Comfort Measures

Making small changes around the home can greatly improve your dog’s comfort:

Orthopaedic Dog Beds: These provide better support for your dog’s joints, helping to reduce stiffness after resting.
Ramps or Stairs: If your dog struggles with getting onto furniture or into the car, ramps or dog stairs can help reduce joint strain.
Non-Slip Flooring: Adding rugs or non-slip mats can prevent your dog from slipping, reducing the risk of falls and joint injuries.
Elevated Feeding Bowls: These can help reduce neck and joint strain, especially in larger breeds.

7. Dietary Adjustments

A balanced, nutrient-rich diet can support overall joint health and reduce inflammation. Consider including:

High-quality protein to maintain muscle mass
Omega-3 fatty acids for their anti-inflammatory benefits
Antioxidants like Vitamin E and C to help combat oxidative stress

Your vet may recommend a specialised diet formulated for joint health, such as Hill’s j/d or Royal Canin Mobility Support.

When to Seek Veterinary Advice

While many cases of arthritis can be managed at home with the right combination of treatments, some dogs may need more advanced care. If your dog’s pain remains uncontrolled or their mobility continues to decline, it’s important to consult your vet. They may suggest additional diagnostics or treatments, such as joint injections (e.g., hyaluronic acid, stem cell therapy) or surgical options (e.g., joint replacement).

Conclusion

Arthritis can be a challenging condition, but with the right treatment plan, your dog can still enjoy a happy, active life. By combining weight management, regular exercise, joint supplements, prescription medications, and lifestyle modifications, you can help alleviate your dog’s pain and enhance their quality of life.

If you suspect your dog has arthritis or want to learn more about managing the condition, consult your vet. They can guide you through the best treatment options tailored to your dog’s specific needs. With patience and extra care, you can ensure your furry friend stays comfortable and enjoys their golden years to the fullest.