How to Prevent Dry Eye in Dogs?

Dry eye, or keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), is a condition in which a dog’s eyes don’t produce enough tears to stay lubricated. This can lead to discomfort, infections, and in severe cases, even vision loss. Thankfully, there are ways to help prevent dry eyes and maintain your dog’s eye health. Here’s a guide to the best preventive steps and tips for keeping your dog’s eyes healthy and well-moisturised.

1. Regular Veterinary Eye Exams

Routine eye exams with your vet are essential for early detection of dry eye. During these check-ups, your vet may perform a tear test to monitor tear production, especially if your dog is in a high-risk category.

Why Eye Exams Matter

Catching dry eye early makes treatment more manageable and reduces the risk of complications like infections or corneal damage. Regular exams are particularly helpful for breeds prone to dry eye (like Bulldogs, Pugs, Shih Tzus, and Cocker Spaniels) or older dogs, who are more susceptible.

2. Keep Your Dog’s Eyes Clean

Keeping your dog’s eyes free of dust, discharge, and debris can reduce irritation and lower the risk of infections that contribute to dry eye. Here’s how:

• Gently Clean Daily: Use a soft, damp cloth or pet-safe eye wipes to remove any discharge or dust around your dog’s eyes. Always wipe away from the eye to prevent contaminants from entering.
• Trim Excess Fur Around Eyes: For long-haired breeds, excess fur near the eyes can cause irritation or trap dirt. Keep this fur carefully trimmed; if you’re unsure, a professional groomer can help.

Avoid human eye products as they may contain harmful ingredients for dogs. Use pet-safe options if recommended by your vet.

3. Provide a Diet Rich in Omega-3 Fatty Acids

A balanced diet supports not just your dog’s general health, but also helps with tear production and reduces eye inflammation. Omega-3 fatty acids, found in fish oils, are particularly beneficial for dogs with dry eye tendencies.

• Include Omega-3s: Fish oils and salmon are excellent sources of omega-3s that are dog-friendly. There are also dog-specific omega-3 supplements available.
• Anti-inflammatory Effects: Omega-3s have natural anti-inflammatory properties that can benefit the eyes by helping tear glands function optimally.

Always check with your vet before starting new supplements to ensure the correct dosage for your dog’s size and needs.

4. Minimise Exposure to Environmental Irritants

Environmental factors like smoke, dust, and chemicals can irritate your dog’s eyes and contribute to dryness. By reducing exposure to these irritants, you can help maintain your dog’s tear production and eye comfort.

• Avoid Smoke and Strong Scents: Refrain from smoking near your dog, and keep them away from fireplaces or areas with strong scents like air fresheners.
• Keep Their Space Clean: Regularly vacuum and dust to minimise airborne particles that may irritate their eyes.
• Limit Exposure to Chemicals: Household cleaners, pesticides, and aerosols can be irritating. Ensure your dog is in a different room when using these products and that areas are well-ventilated.

5. Protect Your Dog’s Eyes in Harsh Conditions

Dogs who are exposed to wind, dust, or sunlight are more at risk for dry eye due to increased irritation. Taking steps to protect their eyes in these conditions can help reduce dryness.

• Dog Goggles: For dogs who spend a lot of time outdoors, especially in windy, sandy, or dusty conditions, dog goggles provide a protective barrier. They’re also helpful in shielding your dog’s eyes from UV rays.
• Limit Car Window Exposure: Though many dogs enjoy sticking their heads out of car windows, this exposes their eyes to wind and debris. Keep car windows closed or only slightly open to prevent irritation.

6. Monitor Medications for Side Effects

Certain medications, especially allergy treatments or some pain relievers, can reduce tear production as a side effect. If your dog is on any long-term medications, let your vet know if they have dry eye symptoms.

• Ask About Side Effects: Always discuss potential eye health side effects with your vet before starting a new medication, especially if your dog has a history of dry eye or eye infections.
• Seek Alternatives if Needed: If you notice signs of dryness after beginning a new medication, consult your vet to see if there’s an alternative or if a supplemental treatment to support tear production is necessary.

7. Watch for Early Signs of Dry Eye

Being proactive with dry eye prevention means recognising symptoms early. Catching dry eye before it progresses can make treatment much easier and prevent discomfort for your dog.

Common Signs to Watch For:

• Red or inflamed eyes
• Frequent blinking or squinting
• Mucus or discharge around the eyes
• A dull or cloudy appearance in the eyes
• Pawing at the eyes or signs of discomfort

If you notice these signs, don’t delay in contacting your vet. Early treatment can help manage the condition and keep your dog comfortable.

In Summary

Preventing dry eye in dogs involves a mix of regular eye care, environmental awareness, and routine veterinary support. By keeping your dog’s eyes clean, protecting them from irritants, providing a balanced diet, and staying proactive with veterinary care, you can help your dog maintain healthy, comfortable eyes.

With these preventive measures, you’re setting up your dog for a lifetime of eye health, allowing them to live comfortably and enjoy the world around them.