What Are the Best Treatments for Dog Incontinence

Dog incontinence can be a challenging issue for pet owners, but with the right approach, it is manageable. Fortunately, there are several effective treatment options available, ranging from veterinary-prescribed medications and lifestyle adjustments to surgical interventions and natural supplements. This article explores the best treatments for dog incontinence, covering medical options, lifestyle modifications, and holistic approaches.

Understanding Dog Incontinence

Before considering treatments, it’s essential to understand what causes dog incontinence. The condition can stem from various underlying issues, including hormonal imbalances, urinary tract infections, bladder stones, and anatomical abnormalities. In older dogs, incontinence often results from weakened urinary sphincter muscles, leading to reduced control over urination. Female dogs, especially those who have been spayed, are more prone to hormone-responsive incontinence due to reduced levels of oestrogen, which affects muscle tone in the urethra.

Dog incontinence can present with a range of symptoms, from slight urine dribbling to complete bladder emptying. If your dog shows signs of incontinence, consulting a vet is advisable to rule out any serious health issues and to determine the most suitable treatment.

Medical Treatments for Dog Incontinence

There are several medical treatments that can effectively control incontinence in dogs. These are prescribed by a veterinarian after an initial assessment to understand the underlying cause.

1. Hormone Therapy: 

Hormone-responsive incontinence is common in spayed female dogs and is often treated with hormone therapy. Oestrogen-based medications strengthen the sphincter muscles in the bladder, improving control and reducing leakage. Hormone therapy is generally well-tolerated, though side effects like behavioural changes or increased thirst can sometimes occur. 

2. Phenylpropanolamine (PPA): 

One of the most common medications for dog incontinence, Phenylpropanolamine (PPA) acts as an alpha-adrenergic agonist, strengthening the muscles around the urethra. This medication improves urinary sphincter tone and helps prevent leaks. PPA is widely regarded as effective and well-tolerated, though side effects such as restlessness or mild gastrointestinal discomfort may occasionally occur.

3. Collagen Injections: 

For dogs who don’t respond well to medications, collagen injections may be an option. These injections add bulk to the urethra, helping it close more tightly and reduce leakage. However, collagen injections are typically temporary and may need to be repeated over time to maintain effectiveness.  

Surgical Interventions for Severe Incontinence

In severe cases where medication and injections are insufficient, surgical options may be considered. Surgery is typically a last resort, recommended only when other treatments have failed.

1. Urethral Sphincter Mechanism Incompetence (USMI) Surgery 

USMI surgery aims to improve the function of the urinary sphincter by reinforcing it with synthetic materials. This procedure is generally reserved for dogs with severe incontinence and has shown positive results in improving bladder control. However, surgery is invasive and carries risks, including infection and post-operative complications. It is important to discuss these risks thoroughly with your vet before opting for this procedure.

2. Colposuspension 

Colposuspension is a surgical procedure that repositions the bladder to reduce pressure on the urethra, allowing the sphincter muscles to close more effectively. This surgery is more commonly performed in female dogs and can be effective when anatomical abnormalities contribute to incontinence.  

Lifestyle and Behavioural Adjustments

In addition to medical treatments, certain lifestyle and behavioural changes can help manage dog incontinence more effectively. These adjustments may not resolve incontinence entirely but can help reduce its impact on your dog and home.

1. Regular Bathroom Breaks Ensuring your dog has frequent bathroom breaks throughout the day can help reduce leakage. Increasing the frequency of outdoor trips can relieve bladder pressure, reducing the likelihood of accidents indoors. Establishing a consistent schedule can be helpful in managing your dog’s needs.
2. Dog Nappies or Belly Bands Dog nappies (diapers) or belly bands (for male dogs) are practical solutions for managing leaks indoors. These products are designed to absorb urine and prevent it from soiling carpets, furniture, or bedding. Dog nappies come in various sizes and can be reusable or disposable, depending on your preference.
3. Waterproof Bedding and Pee Pads Using waterproof bedding and pee pads in areas where your dog frequently rests makes clean-up easier and prevents urine from soaking through surfaces. Waterproof covers are especially useful for older dogs who may be prone to accidents during the night.

Natural Supplements for Dog Incontinence

For pet owners interested in a more holistic approach, certain natural supplements may help manage incontinence symptoms. While natural treatments are generally less potent than prescription medications, they can be beneficial as supportive therapy, especially for mild cases.

1. Bladder Strengthening Supplements: These contain ingredients like pumpkin seed extract, Rehmannia, and soy isoflavones which may help support muscle tone in the urinary tract. These ingredients are often found in holistic incontinence supplements for dogs. While these may not be as immediately effective as prescribed medications, they can contribute to bladder health over time.
2. Cranberry Extract Cranberry extract is widely recommended for urinary health as it can help prevent urinary tract infections (UTIs) by reducing bacterial adherence to the bladder walls. Though cranberry alone may not treat incontinence, it may support overall urinary tract health, especially for dogs prone to UTIs.
3. Probiotics: These support gut health, which may indirectly aid urinary health, especially if digestive issues exacerbate incontinence. While probiotics primarily improve gastrointestinal function, a balanced microbiome can contribute to better overall health, potentially aiding urinary issues in some cases.

Always consult your veterinarian before introducing any supplements to your dog's regimen to ensure they are safe and appropriate.

Choosing the Best Treatment for Your Dog

The best treatment for your dog’s incontinence depends on the underlying cause, your dog’s overall health, and your preferences as an owner. A thorough veterinary examination and proper diagnosis are essential in creating an effective management plan. In most cases, a combination of approaches, such as veterinary-prescribed medications and lifestyle changes can help provide the most comprehensive solution.

Final Thoughts

Dog incontinence is a manageable condition with the right approach. From hormone therapy and PPA to collagen injections and surgery, a range of medical options is available to improve bladder control and quality of life. Behavioural adjustments and natural supplements can provide additional support, making it easier to manage symptoms.

With the correct combination of treatments tailored to your dog’s needs, managing incontinence can be less stressful, ensuring your beloved pet remains comfortable, happy, and healthy.