How Can I Tell if My Dog is Overweight?

As pet owners, we all want our dogs to live happy, healthy lives. Maintaining a healthy weight is a vital part of their overall well-being. However, with over half of dogs worldwide estimated to be overweight or obese, it’s a concern many pet parents face. If you’re wondering whether your dog might be carrying extra weight, this guide will help you identify the signs and take steps to keep your furry friend in great shape.

Why Is a Healthy Weight Important for Dogs?

Excess weight can put unnecessary strain on your dog’s body, leading to serious health problems such as:

• Joint Issues: Extra weight places additional stress on joints, potentially causing or worsening arthritis and mobility issues.
• Heart Disease: Overweight dogs are at a higher risk of developing cardiovascular problems, including hypertension.
• Diabetes: Obesity is a major risk factor for diabetes in dogs, particularly Type 2 diabetes.
• Shortened Lifespan: Studies have shown that maintaining an ideal weight can add up to two years to a dog’s life.

Recognising the signs of an unhealthy weight early allows you to take action, improving your dog’s quality of life and longevity.

How to Tell if Your Dog Is Overweight

Here are some practical ways to determine whether your dog is carrying extra weight:

1. Assess Their Body Shape

Stand above your dog and look down at their body:

• Healthy Weight: Your dog should have a noticeable waist, narrowing just behind the ribs.
• Overweight: If their body shape is more oval than hourglass, they may be overweight.

2. Feel for Their Ribs

Gently run your hands along your dog’s ribcage:

• Healthy Weight: You should be able to feel their ribs easily without pressing too hard. The ribs should be palpable but not overly prominent.
• Overweight: If you struggle to feel their ribs through a thick layer of fat. 

3. Check for Fat Deposits

Look and feel for fat deposits in key areas:

• The base of the tail
• Along the spine
• Around the chest and abdomen

Excess fat in these regions can indicate an unhealthy weight.

4. Observe Their Activity Levels

Dogs who are overweight often have reduced energy levels. If your dog tires easily on walks or avoids physical activities they once enjoyed, this could be due to the strain of carrying extra weight.

5. Use a Body Condition Score (BCS) Chart

Veterinarians often use a BCS chart to evaluate a dog’s weight. These charts rate a dog’s body condition on a scale of 1 to 9:

• 1-3: Underweight
• 4-5: Ideal weight
• 6-9: Overweight to obese

A BCS chart can provide an objective measure of your dog’s weight status.

Common Causes of Weight Gain in Dogs

Understanding why your dog might be overweight can help you address and prevent further weight gain. Common causes include:

1. Overfeeding

Many pet owners unintentionally overfeed their dogs by not measuring portions or giving too many treats. Even small extra amounts can add up over time.

2. Lack of Exercise

Dogs require regular physical activity tailored to their breed, age, and health. Insufficient exercise is a significant contributor to weight gain.

3. Breed Predisposition

Certain breeds, such as Labradors, Beagles, and Bulldogs, are genetically more prone to weight gain.

4. Age

As dogs age, their metabolism slows, and they may become less active, increasing the likelihood of weight gain.

5. Medical Conditions

Health issues like hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease can lead to weight gain. If your dog is gaining weight despite a balanced diet and regular exercise, consult your vet to rule out underlying conditions.

Steps to Manage Your Dog’s Weight

If you suspect your dog is overweight, here are steps to help them return to a healthy weight:

1. Consult Your Vet

Before making any changes, consult your veterinarian. They can assess your dog’s weight, rule out medical conditions, and create a tailored weight-loss plan.

2. Adjust Their Diet

• Portion Control: Measure your dog’s meals to ensure they’re getting the correct amount for their size, age, and activity level.
• Low-Calorie Options: If recommended by your vet, switch to a low-calorie diet.
• Limit Treats: Treats should comprise no more than 10% of your dog’s daily caloric intake. Choose healthy, low-calorie options or alternatives like carrot sticks.

3. Increase Physical Activity

Gradually increase your dog’s exercise routine to help them burn calories and build muscle. Activities may include:

• Daily walks or jogs
• Games like fetch or tug-of-war
• Swimming, which is particularly beneficial for dogs with joint issues

Tailor exercise intensity and duration to your dog’s fitness level.

4. Monitor Progress

Track your dog’s weight and body condition over time. Regular weigh-ins and visual assessments will help you gauge their progress.

5. Avoid Crash Diets

For gradual and safe weight loss, aim for about 1–2% of your dog’s body weight per week. Avoid rapid weight loss, as it may lead to health issues such as hepatic lipidosis. Always consult your vet to create a tailored weight loss plan for your dog. 

Prevention Tips

Preventing weight gain is far easier than managing obesity. Follow these tips to help your dog maintain a healthy weight:

• Feed a balanced diet and stick to portion recommendations.
• Provide regular opportunities for exercise and play.
• Avoid giving table scraps, which are often high in calories.
• Monitor your dog’s weight and body condition regularly.

When to Seek Veterinary Help

If you’re unsure about your dog’s weight or have concerns about their health, consult your vet. Signs that warrant immediate attention include:

• Unexplained weight gain or loss
• Difficulty breathing
• Reduced mobility or reluctance to move
• Swelling or lumps around the abdomen

Your vet can perform a thorough examination and recommend appropriate interventions.

Final Thoughts

Determining whether your dog is overweight involves observation, assessment, and professional guidance. By monitoring their body shape, adjusting their diet, and encouraging regular exercise, you can help your dog achieve and maintain a healthy weight. A healthy dog is a happy dog, and your efforts will ensure they enjoy a longer, more active life by your side.